![]() Scarps related to strike-slip faulting generally form because the fault moves an area of higher topography up against a lower area. Note that this term simply describes the shape of the land, not the process by which that shape was created. Many distinctive features form as a result of strike-slip fault activity.Ī scarp is a sharp break in topography. Understanding seismic hazard from strike-slip fault earthquakes requires recognition of how active strike-slip faults affect landscapes. An arc-arc transform joins a pair of offset subduction zones.Ĭontinental transforms, such as the Alpine fault in New Zealand and the San Andreas in California, mimic their oceanic counterparts in connecting other types of plate boundaries. A ridge-arc transform is located on the side of a plate with one edge being subducted beneath an arc and the other growing at a mid-ocean ridge. ![]() A ridge-ridge transform, such as the one pictured above, connects two mid-ocean ridges. ![]() Transform faults come in three varieties, defined by the types of plate boundaries connected to them. A bathymetric step remains, however, and this area is called a fracture zone. Beyond the spreading centers, the fault is not active because both sides move in the same direction. Fault slip is sinistral, opposite of the apparent dextral offset of the ridges. This map shows a pair of spreading centers separated by a transform fault. Transform faults are plate boundary faults, and are tens to hundreds of kilometers long.
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